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Sexual harassment

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Gender-based violence (GBV) represents a critical barrier to development globally. As the most extreme manifestation of gender inequality and the most prevalent form of violence worldwide, its impacts extend far beyond individual survivors, with implications for the productivity and well-being of families and communities, often across generations. This report reviews progress on GBV prevention and response in World Bank lending operations over the past decade finding that the institution offers unique entry points across all sectors in which it works to expand work on GBV. Critical investments in staff's technical capacity, purposeful high quality analytical work to inform project design and implementation, and partnerships at the global, national, and local levels have driven the exponential progress on this agenda. Drawing on the lessons learned from a comprehensive review of the portfolio, interviews with staff and consultations with practitioners, donors and researchers in this area of work, the report lays out a guiding vision for deepening the work on GBV prevention and response in the decade ahead.

Sexual harassment.

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Sexual harassment.

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• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Sexual harassment

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• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This chapter develops an argument regarding previously neglected factors that enrich our understanding of why female victims of sexual assault find it difficult to come out of the shadows and to pursue justice. It focuses on the role of powerful conservative revisionists who, under impulses that range from anxious to hysterical, promote an association of ideas between former "comfort women" and those women who seek justice in the aftermath of sexual violence. A historical perspective of Japan indicates transmission of anxiety, rather than a more intense level of hysteria, but there may be influential groups within society that adopt the position of the hysteric. The case of Itō Shiori is detailed to exemplify a toxic association of ideas propounded by ideological extremists, to illustrate the difficulties involved for women who speak out against male sexual violence, and to highlight the potential for women to meet these challenges, in spite of the danger of retaliation. A survey of 100 female university students asked how likely these young women were to report sexual harassment according to the profession of the perpetrators. The survey indicates that a fear of retaliation from extremist groups may inhibit reporting of sexual abuse.

Sexual harassment.